Urdu has a lot more Persian and Arabic loanwords than Hindi, but these are almost exclusively used in formal speech and the two languages remain completely mutually intelligible. The main difference is that Urdu is written with the Arabic script whereas Hindi is written in the script originally used for Sanskrit, Devanagari. Hindi and Urdu are essentially the same languages. Before then, they were referred to as “Hindustani” which was a language derived from Sanskrit, but with Arabic, Persian, and to some extent, Turkic influences and loan-words. While both Hindi and Urdu exists in many dialects, there were no distinction between them up until the 19th century. Hindi and Urdu are two Indo-Aryan languages that both developed from Sanskrit in Northern India beginning some 2700 years ago.
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